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The crevice weaver spiders (family ''Filistatidae'') contain primitive cribellate spiders. They are haplogyne weavers of funnel or tube webs. The family contains 17 genera and more than hundred described species worldwide. One of the most abundant members of this family in the Americas is the Southern house spider (''Kukulcania hibernalis''). Named after the fierce Meso-American god Kukulkan, the females are large (up to nearly 20 mm) dark-colored spiders and males are light brown, smaller (about 10 mm.), but more long-legged and with palpi that are held together in front of their carapaces like the horn of a unicorn. The males also have a darker streak on the center of the dorsal carapace that causes them to be often mistaken for brown recluse spiders. The tiny members of the genus ''Filistatinella'' are like miniature versions of ''Kukulcania''. The nominate genus ''Filistata'' is Afro-Eurasian in distribution. In many older books the species from the Americas now placed in the genus ''Kukulcania'' are placed in ''Filistata''. A striking visual characteristic of the family, beside dimorphism, is the unusual upward bend encountered near the femur of the first pair of legs. While resembling hydraulic muscle mechanisms akin to arthropods, this modification actually allows the spider to retain the prey directly from the crevice it occupies. Also, if the larger prey ever tries to pull it from the crevice, the spider can use these legs to "grab" to the side walls and hence make it difficult. Many ''Kukulcania'' species also use them to dig holes in the soft ground at a 25- to 30-degree angle. ==Genera== The categorization into subfamilies follows Joel Hallan's (Biology Catalog ). * Filistatinae Ausserer, 1867 * * ''Filistata'' Latreille, 1810 (Mediterranean, Asia, Mexico) * * ''Kukulcania'' Lehtinen, 1967 (America) * * ''Sahastata'' Benoit, 1968 (Mediterranean to India) * * ''Zaitunia'' Lehtinen, 1967 (Iran, Israel, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan) * Prithinae Gray, 1995 * * ''Afrofilistata'' Benoit, 1968 (Africa) * * ''Andoharano'' Lehtinen, 1967 (Madagascar) * * ''Filistatinella'' Gertsch & Ivie, 1936 (USA) * * ''Filistatoides'' O. P-Cambridge, 1899 (Guatemala, Cuba, Chile) * * ''Lihuelistata'' Ramírez & Grismado, 1997 (Argentina) * * ''Misionella'' Ramírez & Grismado, 1997 (Brazil, Argentina) * * ''Pikelinia'' Mello-Leitão, 1946 (Argentina, Colombia, Galapagos) * * ''Pritha'' Lehtinen, 1967 (Asia, Mediterranean, New Guinea) * * ''Wandella'' Gray, 1994 (Australia) * * ''Yardiella'' Gray, 1994 (Australia) * ''incertae sedis'' * * ''Microfilistata'' Zonstein, 1990 (Tajikistan) * * ''Tricalamus'' Wang, 1987 (China) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「crevice weaver」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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